The Asian Megacity Region by Debnath Mookherjee

Author:Debnath Mookherjee
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030426491
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

The situation is no less confusing in the professional literature, where there are ‘likely hundreds of published definitions’ (Hempel 2009 as cited in Mazmanian and Blanco 2014). The definitions, as mentioned above, reflect the respective assumptions and interpretations of individual stakeholders and organizations. For instance, in the ‘hands-on exercises’ section for ‘students or interested readers’ in the concluding chapter of one of the seminal volumes of collected classic works on urban sustainability, the editors (Wheeler and Beatley 2004) gave no less than nine examples of definitions of sustainability from various international sources, which focused on a wide range of themes and definitions of the concept as extracted (abridged) below:1) meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising that of the future generations; 2) carrying capacity of ecosystems; 3) maintaining natural capital; 4) maintenance and improvement of systems; 5) positive change without eroding ecological, social or political systems; 6) sustaining human livelihood; 7) protecting and restoring the environment; 8) opposing exponential material growth; and 9) a composite approach comprising five elements of conservation and development, namely, basic human needs equity and social justice, social self-determination and cultural diversity, and ecological integrity. (Wheeler and Beatley 2004, pp. 321–322)

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